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Henry Cotton (doctor)
Henry Andrews Cotton, MD (1876 – May 1933) was an American psychiatrist and the medical director of New Jersey State Hospital at Trenton (previously named ''New Jersey State Lunatic Asylum'', now known as ''Trenton Psychiatric Hospital'') in Trenton, New Jersey between 1907 and 1930. He embraced the concept of scientific medicine that was emerging among physicians at the turn of the 20th century, which included a belief that insanity was the result of untreated infections in the body, and to treat them he directed his dental and medical staff to practice experimental "surgical bacteriology" on the patients.〔Ian Freckelton. Madhouse: A Tragic Tale of Megalomania and Modern Medicine. (Book review), ''Psychiatry, Psychology and Law'', Vol. 12, No. 2, 2005, pp. 435-438.〕
== Career ==
Henry A. Cotton had studied in Europe under Emil Kraepelin and Alois Alzheimer, considered the pioneers of the day, and was a student of Dr. Adolf Meyer of Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, who dominated American psychiatry in the early 1900s. Based on the observation that patients with high fever often turn delusional or begin hallucinating, Meyer introduced the possibility of infections (then viewed as the cutting edge concept of scientific medicine) being a biological cause of behavioral abnormalities, in contrast to eugenic theories which emphasized heredity and to Freud's theories of childhood traumas. Cotton would become the leading practitioner of the new approach in the United States.
After becoming medical director of Trenton State Hospital at the age of 30, Cotton instituted many progressive ideas. These included abolishing mechanical restraints and implementing meetings of daily staff to thrash out patient care.
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